Peaceful vs. Violent Nation Building in Africa Essay Sample free essay sample

What is state building? To a great extent the develop alludes to the method that is followed in reconstituting an express that is non working appropriately as it is normal. A decent delineation is of an express that is trying to better its financial framework that has fell. The term is other than be utilized to mean structure a state using the forces gave to it by the point with the goal that it could be politically steady and doable. There are various techniques that are utilized in state structure. Some authoritiess use promulgations while others fabricate base to pass on cultural coordinating and amicability each piece great as monetary developing. The term generally fits to the African expresses that are trying to decide their locale newly after colonialists isolated them without sing social and different divisions in those parts. State building can be either tranquil or brutal. The boss point of convergence of this paper will be to investigate the two classs. We will compose a custom paper test on Serene versus Fierce Nation Building in Africa Essay Sample or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In ordinary occasions. each area ought to have the option to gracefully for its kin and ought to have the option to ensure the privileges of its residents. One boss occupation that specialists face is the test of keeping up a steady specialists face is the test of keeping up a steady specialists that is fit for run intoing fundamental standards of its residents. The disappointment of the specialists to gracefully and ensure its residents is the thing that broods power. Multi social society is one of the variables that add to the brutal harmony doing methodology. There are different techniques that can be utilized in tranquil state structure for delineation. the gathering framework and buying in like manner understandings with varying gatherings. One plan for progressing serene state building is by imparting the human progress of harmony in school. By this way. the future coevalss will secure this human progress from their ancestors. The build of state structure as I referenced before was utilized in decolonisation designs yet later it moved to different features of life. It system has been is as yet an on-going method. Brutality in state structure is risky ( Hippler J. 2005 ; 27-43 ) It was utilized in states like Rwanda. Sudan Somali and other African territories like in the case of Rwanda where in an order to take control in state building a fight emitted among Tutsi and Hutus. A bunch of individuals were slaughtered especially from the minority Tutsi in 1994 under what is currently alluded as the Rwandan race murder. This battle other than made the activity of displaced people. Numerous individuals who were get awaying from Rwanda went to the nearby states as outcasts. A considerable lot of them kicked the bucket of cholera. loose bowels and different illnesses. Another disservice of fierce state building is that human rights are manhandled. For representation. in Sudan and Rwanda numerous individuals lost their lives. grown-up females were assaulted while others were held prisoners of war. Indeed, even children were recruited in the ground powers. Vicious state building has other than been seen in Darfur part in Western Sudan. The emergency is between two social people where one gathering involves Baggagra who are Arabs while the other one is contained Zaghawa. Massaleit and Fur who are land turners not at all like Baggara who are camel guardians. This battle has been brought about by shortage of assets. Baggara people began it in 2003 while in chase of H2O in the South stood up to the non-Arab people group. The battle has prompted around 450. 000 expires. Numerous infections have happened in the part. A cluster of individuals have been uprooted and are presently evacuees either at place or in the neighboring states. This vicious state building plan has prompted the break of monetary cultural guidance each piece great as financial foundations. This is on the grounds that profound foundations that help in fusing individuals can non even direct their interests and exchange openly as they utilized before the emergency emitted. It ought to be realized that states create as a result of the quiet condition that they appreciate at place. This why states like Rwanda. Uganda and Sudan are among the most unfortunate states known to man On the off chance that you have watched the last male ruler of Scotland film that was discharged in 2006 so. you can genuinely consider the to be of using power as a plan of state building. The film is about the ascent and pre-winter of Idi Amin as president in 1971 and his harvest time in 1979. A rough plan in chase of harmony advances psychological oppressor act. carrying of merchandise and other illicit concerns are led. This occurred in Uganda when Amin was in an order to reinforce his place ( Hansen H. B. what's more, Twaddle M. ( Eds ) 1994 ; 78-85 ) He snuck products over the limit line and offered illicit pieces to Rebels in southern piece of Sudan. President Obote requested for his home misgiving yet this idea neglected to occur. In the long run Amin arranged a putsch when Obote went to Singapore in 1971 to go to a region meeting. Blending to the worldwide human rights gatherings. around 100 1000s to three 1000 individuals were murdered. The vast majority of these were from Lango. Acholi and other social networks. Amin constrained Asians out of the state. which he gladly depicted as ‘black man’s state. ’ Though numerous Ugandans endorsed the move. their going had genuine effect on sugar and texture enterprises that shut down. Other than instructive topographic focuses that were controlled by Asians were shut. By 1970s Uganda was in a practical muss and even now it is as yet looking to recover from the thefts it acquired from the guideline of Idi Amin Dada. On the different manus. quiet state building has its ideals. It is more suggested than vicious one. It occurred in Senegal after it become free in 1960. Senghor who was the president assumed responsibility for Senegal. He made confederations with the nearby pioneers from grouped people. As such. he had the option to put a stage for his state to create through his continuous changes conspire. Africans in Senegal were brought together by their powerful urge to be autonomous and were resolved to reconstitute their disheveled state not long after the Gallic specialists moved out. From the independency time frame. pioneers have been looking to propel national genuineness. They utilized the plan of ‘ethnic arithmetic’ in deciphering local truenesss into national truenesss. This plan spared individuals from throwing unneeded blood after they got their independency ( Desmond J. Clark and Roland 1975 ; 123 ) In Tanzania. state building flourished great without following to an outfitted battle. This can be ascribed to the approaches of Mwalimu Julius Nyerere. A nearby articulation at the Tanzanian occurrence. one can plainly observe that any state can grow regardless of its distinctive social foundations with arranged semantic correspondences. In Tanzania. media and instructive frameworks were utilized to ingrain in individuals the longing to bind together for national improvement instead of provincial or social lies. Through Nyerere’s authoritative achievements. Tanzania had tranquil national advancement conspires and has neer seen any brutal rebellion aside from a little insurrection that broke out in his ground powers yet was smothered quickly with the guide of British military work forces. Numerous African chiefs did non O.K. this idea and alluded to it as neo imperialism ( Zell Hans M. ( Ed ) 2006 ; 631 ) As we have noted. states making a trip from disorder to arrange takes clasp to achieve their fantasy yet on the off chance that they again set out on furnished battle. the state structure strategy returns to the starting point. More or less. state structure implies seting all foundations whether financial. political. legal. cultural or clinical in a fuse entirety. It is this interrelation that makes a rich land for national turn of events. This is the thing that has made states like Senegal and Tanzania to create while Sudan and Rwanda are financially tarrying behind. Notice: Hippler J.State Building: A Key Concept for Peaceful Transformation.Pluto Press. 2005 ; 27-43 Desmond J. Clark and Roland 1975.The Cambridge History of Africa.Cambridge University Press. 1975 ; 123. Hansen H. B. what's more, Twaddle M. ( Eds )From Chaos to Order: The Politicss of Fundamental lawMaking in Uganda.London: James Currey. 1994 ; 78-85 Zell Hans M. ( Ed ) .The African Studies Companion: A Guide to Information Beginnings. 4ThursdayEdition. Joined Kingdom. 2006 ; 631

Wetlands of Arkansas Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Wetlands of Arkansas - Research Paper Example State parks, area of the wetlands in the state, and protection plans for the wetlands would likewise be talked about. The official site for state stops in Arkansas uncovers a sum of 52 which offer different recreational and outside offices. From among those referenced are: Cane Creek, Crater of Diamonds, Daisy, Devil’s Den, Jacksonport, Lake Charles, Lake Fort Smith, Mount Magazine, Ozark Folk Center, Petit Jean, Village Creak, White Oak Lake, and a large group of other state parks (Arkansas State Parks, 2007). The wetlands in Arkansas are ordered utilizing the hydrogeomorphic (HGM) approach. This methodology is depicted in detail, indeed: â€Å"is a system for surveying the limit of a biological system to perform capacities. It is intended to survey wetland and oceanic environments, which are typically described as far as their auxiliary segments and the procedures that interface these segments. Auxiliary segments of the environment and the encompassing scene, for example, plants, soils, hydrology, and creatures, associate with an assortment of physical, substance, and natural procedures. Understanding the connections of the auxiliary segments of the environment with encompassing scene highlights is the reason for surveying biological system capacities, and it is the establishment of the HGM Approach† (Brinson, 1995). Utilizing the HGM Approach, the wetlands in Arkansas have five premise classes: melancholy, pads, periphery, slant and riverine. As indicated by the Classification and Characterization of Wetlands of Arkansas (n.d., 5) â€Å"depressional wetlands happen in topographic depressed spots where water amasses and stays for broadened periods†. There are three subclasses and seven network types under this grouping. The talk depicted slants as happening on â€Å"sloping land surfaces, where ground water release or shallow subsurface stream makes immersed conditions† (Classification,

Free FTE English 6-12 Essay Samples

Free FTE English 6-12 Essay SamplesThe free FTE English 6-12 Essay samples are extremely helpful. They have been helpful for me in my homework assignment at school. I believe that the free English test prep is one of the most useful resources to provide students in homework help.I want to tell you that I have used an English test and it has given me good results. But in addition, the online English tutoring has been helpful for me. There are now some FTE English 6-12 sample papers available to assist students who want to improve their English writing skills. It's important for students to understand that even though they would be able to pass the paper successfully with no effort, they have to exert effort in order to improve the writing.These English language essays will surely help you if you plan to study by yourself or if you have no idea where to start. Students should be able to identify what kind of essay is needed and how to prepare a paper. There are several types of essays and you should always make sure that you study them properly.This essay is based on descriptive facts about different kinds of food. Students are asked to provide a list of vegetables, fruits, meat, dairy products, fish, etc. Then they will have to answer questions such as, what is their relation to each other?You can really take a lot of benefits from this type of essay, if you know how to organize the information and put the appropriate items in their right places. An example of a statement that could be challenging for students to write would be:'The only important thing is the food you eat' is what the first sentence says. However, if we were to interpret the sentence as 'The only important thing is the food you eat when you are healthy', we would then be able to make some statements to be made in the next sentences.'The food is necessary to maintain the body when it's on the verge of illness' is what the second sentence says. Therefore, we will also need to say, which is, 'The food is necessary to maintain the body when it's on the verge of illness'. Thus, this sentence would mean that it is essential to maintain the body when the body is ill.Then we need to ask ourselves, what foods are required to maintain the body when it's ill? An example of this is: 'The food is necessary to maintain the body when it's on the verge of sickness'. I hope that you will find these free FTE English 6-12 essay samples helpful in your learning process.

Ordering Beverages - Learning How to Order Beverages in Mandarin Chinese

Chinas most famous beverage is tea, and rightly so. The Chinese have been cultivating tea for thousands of years, and the methods for processing tea have remained virtually unchanged for hundreds of years. There are many types of tea within the three main categories: green tea, oolong tea and black tea. Any visit to China or Taiwan is not complete without a sampling of the fine tea thats available. More Than Tea But tea is not the only drink you can buy. There are all kinds of fruit juices, soft drinks, beers and wines to sample. Non-alcoholic drinks are available at coffee shops and tea stands, and bars and restaurants also serve beer, wine, and liquor. Many drinks are served sweetened, but you can also order them without sugar (bà ¹ jiÄ  tà ¡ng) or with just a bit of sugar (bà  n tà ¡ng). Coffee is usually served with creamer and bags of sugar on the side. Green tea and oolong tea are usually served without sugar or milk. Black tea with milk is called milk tea, and may be sweetened according to taste. Here are some popular beverages you will find in China and Taiwan. Click on the link in the Pinyin column to hear the pronunciation. English Pinyin Traditional Characters Simplified Characters Tea ch Black tea hng ch Oolong tea wlng ch Green tea l ch Coffee kfi Black coffee hi kfi Cream ni jng Sugar tng No sugar b ji tng Half sugar bn tng Milk ni ni Juice gu zh Orange juice lichng zh Apple juice pnggu zh Pineapple juice fngl zh Lemonade nngmng zh Watermelon juice xgu zh Soft drinks yn lio Cola kl Water ki shu Mineral water kung qun shu Ice water bng shu Ice bng Beer pji Wine pto ji Red Wine hng ji White wine bi ji Sparkling wine qpo ji Champagne xing bn Wine list ji dn I would like ... . W yo ... . ... ... . I will have this. W yo zhg.

Ernest Hemingway Essay - 1313 Words

Ernest Hemingway nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ernest Hemingway was a great American author. He was a giant of modern literature. Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899. He was the first son of Clarence and Grace Hall Hemingway and the second of their six children. Hemingway’s gather was a doctor and his mother was a music teacher. Hemingway’s parents owned a cabin in northern Michigan where he spent most of his summers hunting and fishing, being separated from the rest of middle-class society. Hemiongway’s mother was a strict person and tried to impose a moral order her children. This caused hostility between mother and son. A major dispute arose between the two when Hemingway returned home†¦show more content†¦A lot of Hemingway’s stories relate to the war somehow, whether it is directly or indirectly or through symbolism. He normally writes about himself too. The main character, in some way, is usually he. I believe that having a rough childhood and not the best of luc k with the ladies left Hemingway without anyone to talk to. After witnessing so much death and destruction, he couldn’t just keep that all bottled up inside. So I think that his stories that are about the war, is his way of getting all of this death and destruction off of his chest. It is a way for him to talk about what he went through. Take his story â€Å"Big Two Hearted River† for example. That story right there is about himself. He was expressing how he feels through Nick. In this story, the character, nick, describes the town he sees as burned over, and all of the buildings burnt right down to their chipped foundation, nothing was left. What Hemingway was describing here is the war, but in a way his own self, his soul. He had been burnt down, right to his chipped foundation. Hemingway uses the character Nick to represent himself. Hemingway writes stories with Nick, using it as a way to heal, a way to get all of these feelings he has from the war to the surface. H emingway knows that he can’t be totally hurt by the war, he knows that there has to be something left in him and that is what e is looking for.Show MoreRelated Ernest Hemingway Essay974 Words   |  4 Pages Ernest Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899 in a small community of Oak Park, Illinois. He was the second child out of six, with four sisters and one brother. The area Ernest grew up in was a very conservative area of Illinois and was raised with values of strong religion, hard work, physical fitness and self-determination. His household was a very strict one that didn’t allow any enjoyment on Sundays and disobedience was strictly punished. Ernest’s father taught him good morals and values that heRead MoreEssay Ernest Hemingway2650 Words   |  11 Pages Ernest Hemingway’s tough, terse prose and short, declarative sentences did more to change the style of written English that any other writing in the twentieth century. Ernest Hemingway had many great accomplishments in his historical life but one event sticks out from the rest. The Old Man and the Sea is one of Hemingway’s most enduring works. Told in Language of great simplicity and power, it is the story of an old Cuban fisherman, agonizing battle with a giant marlin far out in the Gulf StreamRead MoreThe Battler by Ernest Hemingway680 Words   |  3 Pages Throughout life, the people that you may encounter and form relationships with will be the ones that shape who you are and ultimately influence your decisions, actions and personality. In â€Å"The Battler† by Ernest Hemingway, Nick Adams, a young man of roughly twenty years of age encounters an older gentleman named Ad Francis, a once-famous boxer who claims to have gone â€Å"crazy† after his life as a fighter. Ad is accompanied by his best friend Bugs, a black man who accompanies him on his travels throughoutRead MoreErnest Hemingway Essay526 Words   |  3 PagesErnest Hemingway Who is Ernest Hemingway? Ernest Hemingway was born in Oak Park, Illinois, an upper-middle-class suburb of Chicago(Ernest Hemingwaypar 4). He was born in the front bedroom of grandfather Ernest Halls house at eight oclock A.M., July 21, 1899. His parents were Dr. Clarence Edmonds and Grace Hall Hemingway. Ernest was the second child and his sister, Marcelline, was born eighteen months earlier. He also had two other siblings. Carol was born July 19, 1911Read MoreThe Life of Ernest Hemingway1411 Words   |  6 Pages(shmoop.com). Ernest Hemingway was an honest and noble man. His life was highlighted by his successful writing career that brought him fame, fortune, but ultimately loneliness. Ernest Hemingway fell into a hole of drinking and depression (lib.utexas.edu). It was odd for Hemingway to become so emotionally unstable after having a happy childhood, quality experiences, and a successful writing career. Ernest Hemingway was born in Oak Park Illinois in 1899. Oak Park was the town in which Ernest spent hisRead More Ernest Hemingway Essay1638 Words   |  7 PagesErnest Hemingway The writer/artist that I chose to enlighten you with has inspired many writers as well as literature majors for many years. He continues to tickle our imaginations with the legacy that he has left us with. This man was as genuine as you can get. He was loved by many. He made an impact on any life that he came across. This man is non other than, Ernest Hemingway. Hemingway was a free spirit in an unattached sense. He loved adventure, as well as the drink. He was somewhatRead MoreThe Life of Ernest Hemingway523 Words   |  2 Pages On July 21, 1899 Ernest Miller Hemingway was born in Cicero (Oak Park), Illinois. Clarence and Grace Hemingway, Ernest’s parents, raised him and his five siblings in the suburbs and spent time at their cottage in northern Michigan. This is where Ernest learned his love of the outdoors. His father taught him to row a boat, start a fire, clean and cook a fish, make a wild-onion sandwich and handle a gun (Reef, 2009). In high school Hemingway began to write for his school newspaper Trapeze and TabulaRead MoreErnest Hemingway Essay2077 Words   |  9 Pages Ernest Hemingway pulled from his past present experiences to develop his own thoughts concerning death, relationships, and lies. He then mixed these ideas, along with a familiar setting, to create a masterpiece. One such masterpiece written early in Hemingways career is the short story, quot;Indian Camp.quot; quot;Indian Campquot; was originally published in the collection of quot;in Our Timequot; in 1925. A brief summary reve als that the main character, a teenager by the name of Nick, travelsRead More Ernest Hemingway Essay1584 Words   |  7 Pages Ernest Miller Hemingway was born in Oak Park, Illinois July 21, 1899. Hemingway is known to be one of the most influential writers of the twentieth century. He has written more than one hundred short fiction stories, many of them to be well known around the world. Some of these short stories had just as powerful an impact as his novels. As a young man, Hemingway left from his hometown to Europe, where he worked for the Red Cross during World War I. His time spent there inspired him to write someRead MoreA Farewell Of Arms By Ernest Hemingway1607 Words   |  7 Pages Ernest Hemingway s third novel a Farewell to arms was being created with his early experience with war. Just out of High school, E.Hemingway tried volunteering to fight in World War 1 but he was rejected by the U.S. military because of his poor eyesight. Instead he voluntarily enlisted in the Italian ambulance corps on the Italian front where he was injured by a mortar shell. While E.Hemingway was recovering he started to fall in love with a nurse named Agnes Von Kurowsky. She however

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Free Essays

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a fourteenth century Middle English romance story portraying the chivalrous character of Sir Gawain. It is a splendid but a difficult poem and the one that has naturally attracted a considerable body of critical commentary. The poem is altogether extraordinary, especially in the brilliant architectonics of its composition. We will write a custom essay sample on Sir Gawain and the Green Knight or any similar topic only for you Order Now The complex and symmetrical structure of the poem urges the readers to look for an overall meaning and intention. (John Halverson). The story belongs to the category of the best stories that have a strong theme, a fascinating plot, a fitting structure, unforgettable characters, a well-chosen setting, and an appealing style. The intricate plot, rich language and complex symbolism make the poem interesting for many a critic. Plot is most often about a conflict or struggle that the main character goes through. The conflict in the mind of Sir Gawain and his out ward conflict with the Green Knight make the poem rich in its plot. When the King Arthur was challenged in his court by a mysterious green warrior, Sir Gawain took it valiantly. The â€Å"Green Knight† offers to allow anyone to strike him with his axe if the challenger will take a return blow in a year and a day. The valiant Sir Gawain strikes the Green Knight beheading him only to see the Green Knight getting up and setting up head once again stunning everyone there. Thus the story begins drawing Sir Gawain into action and later his struggle to meet the Green Knight at the appointed time after one year. Sir Gawain shows extraordinary courage and determination in keeping his word. The setting in a story helps it to unfold naturally. It sets the tone of the story and provides the necessary background for understanding the actions of the characters in the light of the context. Setting is the psychological time or place in a story. Setting plays an important role in the success of stories. It sets the reader’s mood and setting in this story puts the reader right into the story. It also helps to outline the theme of the story. It may be an important symbolism in the story which only enriches the story with multiple layers of meaning. The story of Sir Gawain and The Green Knight is set in the backdrop of medieval courts and allows the readers understand the intricacies in the plot. The hunting in the dangerous forest and the lovely green chapel add to the richness and complexity to the story. It is a perfect setting to portray the gallantry of the host, Bertilak in the open world and the virtuous nature of Sir Gawain in the closed chambers of the chapel. The struggle that goes in the mind of the protagonist is richly suggestive. Morgan argues that a moral struggle is suggested by the juxtaposition of the hunt scenes and the bedroom scenes, with the Lady in the role of the hunter and Gawain as the hunted. (Morgan). A theme is something important the story tries to tell us—something that might help us in our own lives. The main is character is someone readers can feel something in common with, or at least care about. Generally the main character has an flaw in his character and as a result he suffers. We see the character evolving as the story progresses. Sir Gawain’s guilt of not keeping his promise to Bertilak makes him realize his inner moral weakness, though he appears to be victorious to the outside world. The finest of all Middle English metrical romances, Sir Gawayne and the Grene Knight, dealing with incidents derived, apparently, from a primitive form of the Gawain legend, portrays him in his original character as a model of chivalry and of all the knightly graces. (Cambridge History of Literature) References Halverson John http://www. jstor. org/pss/436002 Morgan, Gerald. â€Å"The Action of the Hunting and Bedroom Scenes in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. † Medium Aevum 56 (1987): 200-16. http://chss. montclair. edu/english/furr/arkin. html The Cambridge History of English and American Literature http://www. bartleby. com/211/1213. html How to cite Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Papers Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Free Essays The Theme of Games in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight The theme of games plays a very important role in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. In fact, much of the action that takes place in this story revolves around the playing of various â€Å"games. † When one thinks of the word â€Å"games,† there are several thoughts that may come to mind. We will write a custom essay sample on Sir Gawain and the Green Knight or any similar topic only for you Order Now Sports, board games, and card games are all types of games that society today might be familiar with. The author of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight uses different kinds of games than the ones mentioned above. In the time of Sir Arthur and his court, the word â€Å"game† wasn’t as strongly associated with something pleasurable as it was meant to test one’s worthiness. When the Green Knight enters Arthur’s court and announces that he has come to ask â€Å" a Christmas game,† he has not come to play cards or scrabble, but instead has come to test the worthiness of someone in the court. â€Å"The â€Å"game† of exchanging gifts was very common in Germanic culture. If a man received a gift, he was obliged to provide the giver with a better gift or risk losing his honor, almost like an exchange of blows in a fight, or in a â€Å"beheading game† (Harwood). Many other games are involved in the plot of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. Throughout the third section of the poem for example, we see Gawain’s host’s wife play games with Gawain. Gawain views his arrangement of trading with his host as a game (line 1380). Even from the beginning, the Knight plays a game of sorts with Arthur’s court by criticizing and almost taunting the court for failing to live up to its reputation:   Ã¢â‚¬Å"What, is this Arthur’s house,† said that horseman then, â€Å"Whose fame is so fair in far realms and wide? Where is now your arrogance and your awesome deeds, our valor and your victories and your vaunting words? † (lines 308-311) Eventually the reader discovers all of the events of the story are a game of Arthur’s sister, Morgan Le Fay. Throughout the telling of the story it becomes evident that the author is playing a game with the mind of the reader. This essay will explore the theme of games in Sir Gawa in and the Green Knight as well as how they might be connected. The foundation of the entire plot of the story begins with the â€Å"Christmas game† that the Green Knight has come to play with Arthur’s court. The court initially believes hat the mysterious knight has come for â€Å"contest bare† (line 277). When the Green Knight reveals that he will exchange one blow for another, it seems like it would be an easy victory for an opponent, seeing that no one expects the knight to survive after being beheaded with his own axe. Surprisingly, the knight picks up his severed head and leaves. This severely heightens the seriousness of Gawain’s promise to let the knight have a blow at his own head in exactly one year. Arthur clearly downplays the importance of this promise, saying, â€Å"Now, sir, hang up your axe, and return to the feast† (Line 477). Arthur clearly tries to write off the importance of the contest before Gawain beheads the knight with his own axe, as if he foresees Gawain’s eventual success: â€Å"Keep, cousin,† said the king, â€Å"what you cut with this day And if you rule it aright, then readily, I know, You shall stand the stroke it will strike after† (Lines 371-374). While neither Gawain nor the reader is aware of the game that is already occurring throughout the plot of the poem, this same game continues to unfold as Gawain arrives at the castle on Christmas Eve. Bercilak, who plays â€Å"host† to Gawain, continues to trick Gawain by not revealing that he is the Green Knight from Arthur’s castle. He allows Gawain to stay at his castle, on the condition that anything acquired throughout the day as a result of staying there would be given to Bercilak as a gift. In return, anything that Bercilak acquired while hunting would be gifted to Gawain. We see another representation of Games within hunting, as hunting is sometimes viewed as a game in itself. Gawain sees this mutual exchange of things won over the course of the day as a game, although Bercilak describes this arrangement as a â€Å"covenant† (Line 1384). It also becomes apparent that the hosts’ wife is playing her own games with Gawain by sneaking into his quarters and trying to seduce him. It is at this point in the story in which Gawain breaks a major rule of the game by not telling Bercilak about the girdle, which supposedly holds magical powers that would prevent any harm from coming to Gawain. Gawain does not fail because he accepts the girdle, but rather because he fails to gift the girdle to Bercilak as something won throughout the course of the day. Since Gawain believes that the girdle would give him the power to survive the blow of the Green Knights’ axe, he fails to hand over his relic to his host. Before Gawain goes to bed on this third night of his stay, Bercilak reminds Gawain, â€Å"Every promise on my part shall be fully performed† (Line 1970). This is a hint to the reader that the host is already aware of the fact that Gawain decided not to share this girdle that was gifted to him. When Gawain finally leaves the castle and finds the Green Knight waiting to hold up his end of the bargain, the Green knight continues to play games with Gawain by â€Å"teasing† him with the axe. He stops at first after Gawain flinches and taunts him for moving. Once Gawain remains still and the Knight deals his blow, only scratching the neck of Gawain, the Green Knight reveals his true identity, as well as the identity of Morgan Le Fay. It is at this point the reader realizes that almost everything that has happened up to this point is just a part of an elaborate game. This game was designed at the hands of Morgan Le Fay to teach Gawain, as well as the other knights of Arthurs’ court, that even the most noble of knights are human and subject to failure at the hands of temptation. As Gawain returns still wearing the green girdle around his arm, it is evident that this game has also taught him another valuable lesson: the lesson of humility (Bennett). Gawain returns to Arthur’s court, still wearing the girdle in shame as a reminder to always follow the rules of the game. After Sir Gawain shares his tales of deceit and trickery, the other knights deem it appropriate to also wear green sashes as a reminder of the adventure that Gawain had. Finally, there are at least two more games that the author plays with the reader throughout Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. The first and most obvious game is the fact that the author hides important information from the reader until the end, and then reveals this information. Such information includes but is not limited to the host’s true identity, the reason for the â€Å"Christmas game,† and the fact that Gawain’s aunt, Morgan Le Fay, originated the game. While concealing this information is critical to the progression of the story, it still represents a more subtle game that is being played by the author. â€Å"A much more subtle game played by the author, however, is the way that the author sneaks moral instruction into a poem which, up until about the last three hundred lines, is almost purely entertainment†(Putter). The author clearly expresses to the reader that even Gawain, the noblest of knights, is human and subject to failings. Whether in the fourteenth century or today, the author’s message holds significant meaning. It is apparent that we are in fact all human, and at some point or another, subject to some type of failure. I believe that this is the message that the author of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight wanted to pass along to the reader. In conclusion, the theme of games is demonstrated in many different ways throughout Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. It is seen in the actions of the Green Knight and Morgan Le Fay towards Gawain. It is also evident that similar games are played between the author and the reader. All of these games tie together significantly to reveal what I believe is the key message of this poem: Regardless of social status, we are all human, we are all subject to temptation, and most importantly, we are all, at some point, almost certainly subject to failure. Works Cited 1. Harwood, Britton J. Gawain and the Gift,† PMLA 106. 3 (1991) pp. 483–99. 2. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight in The Norton Anthology of English Literature, Sixth Edition, Volume One. General Ed. M. H. Abrams. New York: Norton, 1993. 3. Bennett, Michael J. â€Å"The Historical Background† in A Companion to the Gawain-Poet. Derek Brewer and Jonathan Gibson, editors. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer, 1997. pp. 71-90 4. Putter, Ad. An Introduction to the Gawain-poet. New York: Addison Wesley Longman, 1996. How to cite Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Essay examples

Love Poem Essays - , Term Papers, Research Papers

Love Poem My clumsiest dear, whose hands shipwreck vases, At whose quick touch all glasses chip and ring, Whose palms are bulls in china, burs in linen, And have no cunning with any soft thing Except all ill-at-ease fidgeting people: 5 The refugee uncertain at the door You make at home; deftly you steady The drunk clambering on his undulant floor. Unpredictable dear, the taxi drivers' terror, Shrinking from far headlights pale as a dime 10 Yet leaping before red apoplectic streetcars -- Misfit in any space. And never on time. A wrench in clocks and the solar system. Only With words and people and love you move at ease. In traffic of wit expertly manoeuvre 15 And keep us, all devotion, at your knees. Forgetting your coffee spreading on our flannel, Your lipstick grinning on our coat, So gayly in love's unbreakable heaven Our souls on glory of spilt bourbon float. 20 Be with me, darling, early and late. Smash glasses -- I will study wry music for your sake. For should your hands drop white and empty All the toys of the world would break. Romantic love can be defined as a deep devotion or affection for something or someone and is often shared between two people. When a love is mutual, lovers find themselves compelled to communicate the love between them, for example, expressing love in a solid form such as poetry. The rhythmic flow, vivid imagery, and ability to encapsulate abstract emotions makes poetry the perfect medium for expressing romantic love. This type of poetry is so popular; it has become a separate genre called 'Love Poems.' Traditionally, love poems render the beloved as an ideal of perfection, placing the lover on a pedestal. John Fredrick Nims's "Love Poem" however, beautifully contradicts this tradition by describing a love that transcends human faults. The poem is written to, and about, a woman who possesses this kind of love, and the speaker is a man thinking about the adoration that he and others feel for his beloved. The poem's images present the dominant theme that a genuine love and caring for humanity--a graceful and beautiful soul--can exist beneath an awkward surface. Although the speaker offers images of the woman as clumsy and destructive, he also presents a gentle side to contrast her awkward nature. The images of the first stanza portray a woman's awkwardness with daily tasks. For example, the woman is a person "whose hands shipwreck vases, /At whose quick touch all glasses chip and ring, /Whose palms are bulls in china, burs in linen" (lines 2-4). In this hyperbole, the woman's hands are personified as if they move of their own volition. By doing so, Nims absolves his beloved of blame. The continuance of this theme through the striking image of "shipwreck vases" suggests a force spun out of control, as if her hands were chaotically destructive, as storms are to ships. This image is again reinforced by the idea of wild bulls breaking glass in china shops. In the china shop, her hands are powerful but out of place. The woman's ineptness is further described as "A wrench in clocks and the solar system" (line 13), making her clumsiness seem timeless and eternal. However, it is in fact her benevolent nature that transcends time and place. The second stanza highlights the contrast between the woman's ineptness to her external environment and her internal grace. She gives solace to others in need, providing stability to the wavering of the drunk's "undulant floor" (line 8). This act of kindness is done "deftly" (line 7), with skill and grace that directly oppose her clumsiness with inanimate objects. Striking contrasts of imagery continue to portray the speaker's affection for his "Unpredictable dear" (line 9), whose "traffic of wit" can "expertly manoeuvre" (line 15) itself, whilst her driving skills are presented through the hyperbole of "red apoplectic streetcars" (line 11). Here the personified images of vehicles behaving both angry and terrified in her presence blatantly juxtapose her composure and cleverness when it comes to dealing with human beings and their emotions. Reinforcing the idea that the beloved is adored in spite of her faults, the fifth stanza points out that love has its own "unbreakable heaven" (line 19). Here such mundane concerns as "coffee spreading" and "spilt bourbon" (lines 17 and 20) are of no consequence. In fact, because the spills are associated with her, they become almost spiritual in nature, as the word "heaven" emphasizes. In heaven, for all eternity, nothing breaks at her touch. As a result, her warm nature